How scoring works

Every wallet starts at a neutral 500 points. Explainable rules then add or subtract points based on real on-chain behaviour fetched at analysis time. The final score is clamped to 0–1000 and mapped to a risk level. There is no machine learning and no hidden weighting — every point is attributable to a named rule, all weights live in a single published configuration, and the full rule log is stored with each analysis.

Wallet age

−100 to +200

Older wallets carry more behavioural history. Wallets under 30 days old are penalized; wallets over 3 years old earn the maximum bonus. When history is too deep to walk fully, age is reported as a lower bound.

Transaction history

−50 to +50

Depth of activity. Very thin histories reduce confidence; extensive histories add to it.

Established protocol usage

0 to +50

Interactions with major Solana protocols (Jupiter, Raydium, Orca, Marinade, Magic Eden, and others) from a curated registry.

Flagged-address exposure

−300 per category

Interactions with addresses flagged in curated intelligence feeds (drainers, rug pulls, phishing). This measures exposure, never identity.

Rapid activity bursts

−100

Dozens of transactions inside a single hour is behaviour associated with automated or speculative trading.

Token diversity

−50

Interacting with a very large number of distinct tokens in recent activity is a pattern common in speculative token trading.

Activity pattern

−10 to +30

Consistent activity over months is rewarded; long dormancy slightly reduces the score.

Confidence

Alongside every trust score, Vouch reports a confidence level (0–100%): how much on-chain evidence the score rests on. It grows with wallet age, transaction depth, the size of the analyzed activity sample, and observed protocol interactions. A brand-new wallet can score decently but will always carry low confidence — there simply isn't much behaviour to judge yet. Confidence measures evidence, not virtue: a risky wallet with a long history gets high confidence too.

Risk levels

800–1000Very Low Risk
650–799Low Risk
450–649Medium Risk
250–449High Risk
0–249Critical Risk

Wallet types and trading PnL

Before scoring, Vouch decides what kind of wallet it is looking at: personal trader, exchange, protocol or router, fee payer, co-signer, treasury, market maker, or unknown. Known labels come first. Otherwise on-chain behaviour decides: paying fees for other wallets, appearing in other people's transactions without its own balance changing, funds flowing through it for many different wallets, very high transaction rates, and volume far larger than its own balance.

Infrastructure wallets are not judged as traders. Trader behaviour rules are skipped, and instead of PnL they show “Infrastructure wallet: trading PnL not applicable.” For everyone else, PnL is built only from the wallet's own balance changes, using average cost. Realised PnL, unrealised PnL and portfolio value are kept separate, and anything that cannot be priced or has no known cost is left out and listed, never guessed.

Principles: scores describe wallet behaviour, never personal identity. We never claim a person is a scammer — we report that a wallet shows behaviour associated with higher risk. Analyses only use real on-chain data; when data is incomplete (for example, very deep histories), the score says so explicitly.